An idle player should look idle. A running player should look like they're running. In this lesson, we'll implement sprite swapping to change animations based on player state.

Defining Animation States

Pass an animations object when creating the player:

const player = new Player({   position: { x: 100, y: 100 },   animations: {     idleRight: {       imageSrc: './img/king/idle.png',       frameRate: 11,       frameBuffer: 12     },     runRight: {       imageSrc: './img/king/runRight.png',       frameRate: 8,       frameBuffer: 6     },     runLeft: {       imageSrc: './img/king/runLeft.png',       frameRate: 8,       frameBuffer: 6     }   } })

Preloading Animation Images

Load all animation images upfront to prevent stuttering:

// In Player constructor for (let key in animations) {   const image = new Image()   image.src = animations[key].imageSrc   animations[key].image = image } this.animations = animations

Switching Animations

Create a method to swap the current sprite:

switchSprite(name) {   if (this.image === this.animations[name].image) return    this.image = this.animations[name].image   this.frameRate = this.animations[name].frameRate   this.frameBuffer = this.animations[name].frameBuffer   this.currentFrame = 0 }

Triggering Animation Changes

In the animation loop, switch sprites based on velocity:

// In animate() if (player.velocity.x > 0) {   player.switchSprite('runRight') } else if (player.velocity.x < 0) {   player.switchSprite('runLeft') } else {   player.switchSprite('idleRight') }

The early return in switchSprite prevents resetting the animation every frame when the state hasn't changed.

Why This Matters

Animation states bring personality to your character. Players intuitively understand what's happening based on visual feedback.